HOW TO CULTIVATE HYBRID MAIZE IN NIGERIA

  HYBRID MAIZE
Maize was introduced into Africa in the 1500s and has since become one of Africa's dominant food crops. Maize is the most important cereal crop in sub-Sahara Africa. All part of the crop can be used for food and non -food products. In industrialized countries, maize is largely used as livestock feed and as raw material for industrial products.
World wide production of maize is 785million tons, with the largest producer, the United States, producing 42 percent. Africa produces 6.5 percent and the largest African producer is Nigeria with nearly 8 million tons, followed by South Africa.
Most maize production in Africa is rain fed, irregular rainfall can trigger famines during occasional droughts.
Maize diseases in sub Sahara Africa include downy mildew, rust, leaf blight, stalk and ear rots, leaf spot, and maize streak virus(MSV). Maize does not tolerate drought well and grain can rot during storage in tropical climates. A lack of sunshine and nitrogen can reduce the production potential of the crop. 
 I am writing on hybrid maize these week because we are in the season of planting and we need to see how we could take advantage of these period to make money through farming. And Hybrid maize cultivation presents viable opportunity for who will be farming maize these season.
Maize is very simple to cultivate, easy to maintain. far less delicate than Rice, and take less capital too. Like rice, maize matures very fast, within 2-4 months of planting, the crop is ready for harvest, depending on which stage you want to harvest your crop.
Maize grows in a wider range of soil type than rice, almost every part of Nigeria can grow maize on their soil. With the use of Hybrid maize and mechanized system of farming, yield of maize can reach up to 10.2 tonnes per hectare, with traditional African type of cultivation,production is 2.5 tonnes per hectare which isn't too bad anyway.
 Here is the cost implication and best agricultural practices in planting maize in an hectare of land.
Our Maize Plan is as follows:
STAGE 1:
Land lease " #10,000
1st Ploughing #10,000
2nd Ploughing #10,000
Hybrid Seed/hectare #5,000
STAGE 2:
Planting #5,000
1st Weeding #9,000
Fertiliser #5,500
Application #4,000
STAGE 3:
2nd Weeding #9,000
GNLD #8,000
Application #4,000
Insecticide #6,000
Application #4,000
TOTAL #89,500
The target yield is 3tons/ha.
1ton sells for #120, 000, Now multiply 120,000*3 = #360,000.Your profit =360,000-89,500 =270,500 within 3-4months.
We also consult for both crop production and animal production.Crops like melon,cassava,maize,vegetables,Tomato and cucumber
We also consult for poultry,fishery,piggery
For full proposal you can contact:
Mr Tayo Adelani on 08029132074, 08063048202

Here are simple things you need to put in place to cultivate harvest, and sell maize in your area this season; and if possible, cultivate and sell in large quantity to make more money.
1. Get Spacious Land –
Like I said before, maize can be grown in all lands in Nigeria but it performs better in a well drained fertile loamy soil. Look for land that is predominantly loam, if you can lay your hands on forest land, that will be very good because I’ve personally seen corn perform far better without fertilizer on forest lands. The reason may be due to the decomposed leaves from the forest trees.
Clear the land using manual laborers or mechanical means, the bottom line is to remove the weeds and keep the soil loose for proper maize seedbed and ensure the preservation of the topsoil .
Make sure you plant your maize seed as soon as you clear the soil to allow the maize grow ahead of weeds. Delay in planting will expose the hybrids maize to competition with the weeds.
2. Get Improved Maize Variety –
If possible, look for Recommended Verities of maize to improve your yield.
For Early Season Planting, Look for:-
Yellow Open Pollinated Varieties. Western Yellow 1: TZSR-Y-1 (Streak Resistant)
DMR-LSRY (Downy Mildew & Streak Resistant).
Yellow Hybrids Varieties: 8425-8; 8329-15
White, Open Pollinated Varieties: TZPB (FARZ 27); TZB (FARZ 34); TZSR-W-1;
ZPBSR (Streak Resistant); DMR-LSRW (Downy Mildew & Streak Resistant).
DMR-LSRW (Downy Mildew & Streak Resistant).
White Hybrids: 8321-18; 9022-19; (Striga Resistant).
For Late Season :-
Plant early maturing, streak or downy mildew resistant varieties.
Yellow Open Pollinated Varieties: TZESR-Y; DMR-ESRY (Downy Mildew and
Streak Resistant).
White, Open Pollinated Varieties: TZESR-W; DMR-ESRW (Downy Mildew and Streak Resistant)
POPCORN: White Pop: Yellow composite.
Get any of these seed varieties from your State and Institution’s Agric departments or anywhere you can find them, just ask people.
Give space of about one feet to one and half feet from and between each plant. Planting is best by March ending to the first week of April, sometimes up to early May, depending on how early the rain started and the intensity.
3. Apply Fertilizer and Control The Weeds –
You may not need fertilizer if the soil is quite fertile. However, the application of fertilizer will aid the crop to yield more.
For Open Pollinated Maize Varieties:
Forest fallows 10 years or more. Apply 200 kg (4 bags) of NPK 25-10-10 per hectare at planting as band or broadcast application.
For Hybrids Corn Varieties:
For every high yields maize, you’ll need to apply 600 kg (12 bags) of 25:10:10 per hectare in two splits that is, at planting (200 kg) and 5 to 6 weeks after planting.
Manual Weeding:
Start the first weeding on your maize farm from 15days after planting and not later than 25days or as soon as you begin to notice the growth of weeds in your farm. A second weeding may not be necessary before the second application of fertilizer (if there is need for second application of fertilizer) many farmers don’t apply fertilizer twice.
Herbicide Application:
Apply Atrazine pre-emergence at the rate of 3kg ai/ha on a clean seed bed.
After all these has been done, next is to wait for the maturity of your corn for the harvest to begin. I don’t want to emphasize on the profit of maize produce because you and I knows there is huge profit and benefits in every farm produce.

HOW TO MANAGE AND GROW A BUSINESS ENTERPRISE IN THE 21ST CENTURY

                         HOW TO

                   MANAGE AND

              GROW A BUSINESS

             ENTErPRIsE IN THE

                 21^ST CENTURY

                        BY             

          SHIGOLD PUBLISHERS LTD

Email: shina.tayo@gmail.com

Phone: +234-802-913-2074

                        CONTENT                               

INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER ONE: - The Concept of Entrepreneurship

CHAPTER TWO: - Generating and identifying business ideas and its opportunities               

   

CHAPTER THREE: - Evaluating your business ideas and products

CHAPTER FOUR: - Financing your business

CHAPTER FIVE: - Business planning

CHAPTER SIX: - Branding and marketing strategies

 

INTRODUCTION

            Most of the problems the nation is facing in this part of the world are lack of creativity and thinking minds. We live in a world where people do not embrace small enterprise but rather depend on daily paid jobs or monthly paid jobs. That is the essence of our backwardness in Africa, but our color being black is not responsible, rather we are blind folded. There are evidences that Africa is a land of unlimited opportunities, which is endured with vast natural resources but should be considered as a paradox since people still feeds below a dollar per day.

            Once we can see the opportunities endured in our various locations, then our problems is half solved regardless of the color of our skin.

            The purpose of this book is to make our entire citizen and most especially our youth creative since the youth are the leaders of tomorrow, because once a man is creative, he becomes productive, when he is productive, he becomes successful and when he is successful, he becomes impactful.

            This book will be impacting every strata of life, most importantly the youths. One thing I think could be responsible for the mess we find ourselves is lack of discipline because when a man is discipline, he will take the bull by the horn. Discipline in my view can be defined as doing the right at the actual time.

            I believe discipline or self-discipline is the key to success. Being self-discipline is the ability to get yourself to take action regardless of your emotional state. Self-discipline is one of many personnel developmental tools available. Self-discipline can empower you to overcome any addiction, wipe out procrastination, disorder and ignorance.    

Building self-discipline – my philosophy of how to build self-discipline is best explained by an analogy. Self-discipline is like a muscle, the more you train it, the stronger you become. The less you train it, the weaker you become.

            The basic method to build self-discipline is to tackle challenges that you can successfully accomplish, don’t compare yourself to other people.

            A WHIP- is a convenient way to remember the five pillars of self-discipline;

A-     Acceptance, meaning saying yes to or take as true.

W- Will power, a desire or intention

H- Hard work

I-       Industrious

P- Persistence, continue doing something in spite of difficulty or opposition.                             

      Do you really desire a change for the better as an individual, then it is time we stop wishing for a change but rather start working it out.

It is a call to greatness.

                                               CHAPTER ONE

                                The Concept of Entrepreneurship

      Entrepreneurship is the process whereby an individual become aware of business ownership as an option of viable alternative, develop ideas for business, learn the process of becoming an entrepreneur and undertake initiation and development of a business.

      An entrepreneur is a person who has the ability to identify and evaluate business opportunities in the environment. It can also be described as the person who perceives business opportunities and take advantage of the scare resources to use them. He bears the non-insurable risks alone in his enterprise.

To qualify as an entrepreneur, it is not sufficient to be a business man, just managing an enterprise. He has to be an originator of profitable business ideas. According to Joseph Schumpeter, an Austrian Economist, the single function which constitutes entrepreneurship is innovation, whilst the business director is mostly engaged in managerial activities which are non-entrepreneurial.

The term originator means being the founder of a particular business. There are so many examples of a reputable organization sole foundered by an individual; they include Dangote group, which was founded by Aliko Dangote, Zenith bank, founded by Jim ovia, the author of this book, Adelani Adeshina, the founder of shigold livestock farms is also not left behind in the quest of building a happy and healthy nation.

      For someone to be a successful entrepreneur, he must possess the characteristics of an entrepreneur. The first one is that the person must be persistence and must be able to persevere situations. He must be ready to take risk, self-confidence, hardworking, optimism and profit oriented.      

      Entrepreneurship is a concept of self-fulfilling one’s dreams and aspirations. Most definition of an entrepreneurship state that it is the starting of an organization to put into action one’s business plans, by utilizing the available and very limited resources at one’s disposal.

      However, not anyone is cut out to become an entrepreneur. Leadership skills, and especially self-discipline, are must-have characteristics of a successful entrepreneur.    

Someone who not only has viable and profitable business ideas, but also the know-how and personal drive and ambition to implement those ideas can become successful at entrepreneurship. One important thing again about entrepreneurship is that he must be a risk-taker. Any business venture is a risk, no matter how small or big. A good entrepreneur is confident enough of his or her plans to take that risk and proceed.

      The concept of entrepreneurship is understood as a combination of creativity and innovation. The entrepreneur is expected to imply strategic planning to assess if the opportunities provided for growth are worthwhile and how they could be successfully exploited. Strategic planning is an essential part of the concept of entrepreneurship and effective application helps to ensure successful operation.

The concept of entrepreneur involves the owner taking absolute responsibility of empowering the employees and in turn, affecting sales and profitability of the business. 

      In the 20^th century, economist Joseph compete (1883-1950) focused on how entrepreneur’s drive for innovation and improvement creates upheaval and change. Compete viewed entrepreneurship carries out new combinations; thereby help in rendering old industries obsolete. Established ways of doing business are destroyed by the creation of new and better ways to do them.

Business expert Peter Drunker (1909-2005), took this idea further, describing the entrepreneur as someone who actually searches for change responds to it, and exploits change as an opportunity arise.

In the developing world, successful small businesses are the primary engines of job creation, income growth and poverty reduction, therefore a crucial strategy for economic development.

Entrepreneur is vast becoming a popular subject in the modern era but very few people really know about its original concept. Most researchers are of the opinion that this term refers to entrepreneurial activities that receive organizational approval and resource obligations for the purpose of groundbreaking result. Equipped description of business entrepreneurship has evolved over the last three decade through academic work.

For example, one researcher noticed that corporate innovation is a very vast concept that includes generations, expansion and completion of new ideas. An innovation can be anything; it might be a new product or service, an administrative system or a new plan or program pertaining to organizational members.

      There is need for an entrepreneur to invest in itself, we need to buy and read business and working bookings, magazines, journals, newsletters, websites and industry publications. Every person is born as a skillful entrepreneur. Every activity of a person from the very childhood is a copycat of today’s modern/sophisticated/successful entrepreneur.

      In the journey to manage and grow a business enterprise, one need to live by the following entrepreneurial concept am about to explain.

1.      Always work with people who are better than you i.e. seek help to manage most of everything else it takes to run a successful business. Hire people who will do a better job than you.

2.      Do everything right and fair i.e. make sure that you are always honorable especially with yourself. When it comes to operating your business, make sure you set it up correctly. Pay every cent of tax that you legally owe. As long as we take the extra effort to do things right, you will eliminate a huge amount of stress.

3.      Learn to love consequence and happenstance -Things will happen all the time that will throw off your plans. Turn the stress around and into a challenge. Turn the opportunity to think of new opportunities.

Consequence is the stuff that artists dream of, it’s what creates new technologies and drives innovations. 

4.      Be transparent:- The ideas behind transparency is much more of human personality trait. It’s for yourself and the peoples that you care about. It’s for the audience that wants to know when they ask, when you are fair, transparency will occur naturally because you will be proud and secure to reveal your true thinking.

5.      Create a comfortable environment- A friend once told me about a miserable phase he went through when he and his friend were living in a basement with no windows, lots of mosquitoes, dogs barking, mildew, low ceiling, old carpet, low lighting etc. This situation was affecting his mood. So when he moved into a more comfortable apartment that was full of light and a higher ceiling, he regains his spirit. To think of it, website is like spaces too, so when you create your physical space or your space online, consider making it as comfortable as possible.

6.      Have the spirit that is holy.

7.      Listen to your audience, friends and advisers,  the more you can get feedback and audience participation, the more you will understand the positive and the negative effects of your effort.

8.      Time is of essence –In a war, for instance, the side that obtain the information first about where other side is will have the advantage. The investors who know the news first will have full advantage. If you have something new take action before it become old.

9.      Treat everyone with the highest regards and pay the people who work for you greater than their value.

10.  Stay in control by given control away- The more you give up control to other, the happier everyone will be. Not only will the people who work for you be happier, it will allow more time to focus on the things you do best.

 IF YOU NEED THE FULL VERSION OF THE BOOK TITLED ABOVE , YOU CAN GRAB YOUR ELECTRONIC COPY FOR #500 ONLY.      

PAY INTO ACCOUNT NAME: ADELANI ADESHINA

BANK NAME: UNITED BANK FOR AFRICA PLC

ACCOUNT NUMBER: 1014867265 

SEND YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS  TO  +234-802-913-2074
TO SHOW EVIDENCE OF PAYMENT WHATS APP THE NUMBER ABOVE